In a patient with cirrhosis and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, what is one of the treatments indicated?

In patients with cirrhosis who develop spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP), ceftriaxone is the antibiotic of choice. SBP is a common and serious complication of cirrhosis characterized by bacterial infection of ascitic fluid, usually due to gut flora. Ceftriaxone is a broad-spectrum cephalosporin that is effective against the bacteria commonly responsible for SBP, particularly gram-negative organisms like Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.

The selection of ceftriaxone is based on its ability to penetrate well into the ascitic fluid and its effective pharmacokinetics, which allows it to maintain adequate therapeutic levels throughout the treatment period. Typically, the duration of treatment is about 5 to 7 days, and the use of ceftriaxone has been shown to improve outcomes in these patients.

Other antibiotic choices typically would not be the first line for treating SBP. Rifampin, vancomycin, and nafcillin each have specific contexts in which they may be used, such as vancomycin for resistant gram-positive infections or nafcillin for sensitive staphylococcal infections, but they do not provide the broad-spectrum coverage needed in the context of