What is a common complication associated with craniopharyngioma?

The common complication associated with craniopharyngioma is growth retardation. Craniopharyngiomas are benign tumors that arise from the remnants of the Rathke's pouch and typically occur in children and adolescents. These tumors can compress the pituitary gland and hypothalamus, which can lead to various endocrine disorders, including hypopituitarism, a condition that often results in growth hormone deficiency. This can manifest as growth retardation due to the inadequate production of growth hormone, which is critical for normal growth and development.

Additionally, endocrine disturbances can further complicate growth, as these tumors may also affect other hormones involved in growth and development, such as thyrotropin (TSH) and adrenal hormones. Therefore, the impact on the endocrine system is a significant contributing factor to the growth issues seen in patients with craniopharyngioma.

While seizures, hemiparesis, and visual field loss can occur as complications due to intracranial pressure or direct tumor effects, they are not as specifically associated with craniopharyngiomas as growth retardation is. The endocrine impact of the tumor is a defining feature in the management and long-term follow-up of these patients.